The Powerful Antonin Artaud - 1617 Words

Antonin Artaud was an artist who was cursed physically, tormented emotionally, and was constantly walking in the shadow of his childhood ailments. Though his illnesses set him back in many ways, Artaud was ever persistent and dedicated to expressing himself artistically, even if it meant he had to work twice as hard as anyone else to be heard and understood. As such, Artaud’s work in the theater gives us a sense that anything is possible. His writing, directing and conceptualizing are evidence of his inability to be bound or limited in any sort of artistic way. Artaud’s theater is one full of possibilities and unexplored territories. As Artaud himself said, â€Å"If there is still one hellish, truly accursed thing in our time, it is our artistic dallying with forms, instead of being like victims burnt at the stake, signaling through the flames.†1 Artaud’s childhood bout with a severe case of meningitis affected him for the rest of his life. He suffered fro m nervousness, an irritable temperament, neuralgia, stammering, and severe bouts of clinical depression.2 As a result, Artaud spent much of his adolescence in and out of sanatoriums-- it was there that he first became addicted to opiates when they were prescribed to him for his pain, which resulted in a lifelong addiction.3 When Artaud was finally able to escape the sanatoriums, he began a life as both a poet and an actor in Paris. As a writer, Artaud struggled due to the physical repercussions from his youth:Show MoreRelatedTheatre and Its Double2592 Words   |  11 Pagesson Double (The Theatre and Its Double)-Antonin Artaud The Theatre and Its Double was first published in French in 1938. It is a collection of essays, manifestos, and letters all written by the French artist and theatritician Antonin Artaud (1896-1948). Artaud spent much of his life in and out of asylums and addicted to laudanum and other opiates prescribed to help his so-called ‘madness’. During his ‘free’ times, he wrote, acted, and traveled. Artaud was profoundly moved by a Balinese danceRead MoreAre There Visions and Ghosts in Van Gogh Paintings?1142 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"There are no ghosts in the paintings of Van Gogh, no visions, no hallucinations. This is the torrid truth of the sun at two o’clock in the afternoon.† This quote that Antonin Artraud, stated from, Van Gogh, the Man Suicided by Society, explains the way in which Van Gogh approached his artwork. He believed in the dry truth and as a result his work was remarkably straightforward in the messages that he portrayed. Wh ile visiting Paris, France this past April, I was fortunate enough to have visitedRead MoreThe Power Room By Clayton Eshleman1157 Words   |  5 Pagesthe poem is reflective of the type of in and out of consciousness which happens when one is introduced to new material. Eshleman’s frequent visits to the power room is a reflection of the room’s powerful aura. Within his review â€Å"Eshleman’s Caves†, Jay Murphy quotes Antonin Artaud, and writes, â€Å"In fact, Artaud writes, â€Å"no one knows †¦ what strange force is in process of being metamorphosed.†Ã¢â‚¬  (189) whereas this â€Å"strange force† is reflective of the force in the power room. Murphy also claims, â€Å"Eshleman’sRead More Kanes Blasted1583 Words   |  7 Pagesas blasted through its formed meaning and literal association is a term ‘expressing annoyance.’ (Oxford English Dictionary. 2006: 70). As stated by the British theatre critic Aleks Sierz , Kane’s Blasted is â€Å"a shocking play whose raw language and powerful images of rape, eye-gouging and cannibalism provoked critical outrage†¦Kane exploded theatrical convention.† (Sierz: 2000-2010). Kane’s work is categorised as part of the social relation of theatrical writers known as ‘in-yer-face,’ a termRead MoreThe Effects of World War One on French Theatre Essay3095 Words   |  13 Pagesno advancement in the war. With every gruesome letter written about the war, there is a pattern seen among the soldiers and their struggle to find the meaning in what they were doing. Ernst Junger, a 19 year old from Germany, wrote one of the most powerful letters recounting the trench warfare: For here some awful spirit has struck out all redundancy and created a background worth of tragedy that far exceeds the pitch of any poet. Hence man has no choice but to become a bit of nature, subjected toRead MoreArt Appreciation: Visual Art Expressions1874 Words   |  8 Pagesof the well known painters from surrealism are, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miro and Georges Braque. Films While theatre was the most common form of visual art expression for surrealism, surreal artists started to believe that film is going to be more powerful that theatre. The film consisted of more illusions giving the impact that reality is not actually what we see it to be but it is actually a little more than that. May surreal artists considered film as a portrayal of dreams. What was known to beRead More The State of Being ‘Human’ in Kanes Blasted1752 Words   |  8 Pagesas blasted through its formed meaning and literal association is a term ‘expressing annoyance.’ (Oxford English Dictionary. 2006: 70). As stated by the British theatre critic Aleks Sierz, Kane’s Blasted is â€Å"a shocking play whose raw language and powerful images of rape, eye-gouging and cannibalism provoked critical outrage†¦Kane exploded theatrical convention.† (Sierz: 2000-2010). Kane’s work is categorised as part of the social relation of theatrical writers known as ‘in-yer-face,’ a termRead MoreComparison Between Aristotle and Plato on Mimesis4881 Words   |  20 Pagesaltering our general emotional state. Catharsis would describe the proper result of the tragic plot. In a suggestive reworking of this reading, the twentieth-century French playwright Antonin Artaud reimagines theatre as a plague that brings forth ‘all the perverse possibilities of the mind’ (1958: 30). For Artaud, the aim of catharsis is metaphorically to sicken the audience, not to cure it. These disputes over the meaning of catharsis are unlikely to be answered in any definitive way. But this

The Hidden Truth Regarding Outline Example for Research Paper Exposed by an Old Pro

The Hidden Truth Regarding Outline Example for Research Paper Exposed by an Old Pro Ruthless Outline Example for Research Paper Strategies Exploited After you have completed your outline, you've done almost all of the tough work. For a quick paper, of a few thousand words or less, an outline may not be vital. It will be a reminder for you to include all the necessary subtleties in it. By studying various outline samples, you're guaranteed to come up with the ideal research paper outline in virtually no time. The Secret to Outline Example for Research Paper In terms of the outline of a research paper, there's nothing complicated here. If you would like to compose a research paper on leadership, you will need to be sure that you get a good outline from which to base all your writing. The research paper outline will help to clarify the topic of the research paper, guide the subject matter to keep on course, and helps to begin the writing of the true research paper. The outlin e of your customized research paper will reflect upon your research so make certain that it provides a reasonable idea about what your paper will discuss. A systematic approach will definitely assist you to think of a brilliant research paper. Regardless of what research paper outline you're considering, you will want to consider how your research is going to be backed up. Try to remember it is an outline of your primary paper therefore it will cover all the essential facets of your paper. For a lengthier paper, it is vital, or you will end up overwhelmed by the sheer quantity of information that you must assimilate, and write down. Therefore it's as essential as you main paper so that you cannot take it for granted. The paper ought to be consistent from the start to the very end. Nevertheless, you should keep in mind that the information readily available in the headings has to be divided reasonably into sub-headings. Additionally, among the important purposes of an outline is to clearly convey the relation between the thesis and every one of the topic sentences. Each item in an outline may be broken into additional sub-items. An alphanumeric outline contains a prefix at the start of each topic for a reference aid. The very first thing you ought to do is to produce an outline for your paper. The main issue is to give a crystal clear definiti on. The following could act as the ideal outline to flesh out to create a fantastic instance of a research paper, depending on the topic in the introduction. Outline Example for Research Paper Options Ensure your paper doesn't contain any mistakes and includes a proper writing style. Consult with your outline as you compose each part of your paper, minimizing the stress frequently associated with writing a significant paper. A research paper outline, though, will additionally have a hypothesis or thesis as a portion of the introduction. Employing an outline template can assist the student organize the paper and eliminate the ideas that aren't related to the aim of the essay. The 30-Second Trick for Outline Example for Research Paper Writing an outline is a rather effective method to think through how you are going to organize and present the info in your essay. Crafting a good research essay it is of utmost importance because it performs two significant functions. An outli ne will help to specify the way a student will build other crucial sections including Literature Review. Needless to say, your outline needs to have a topic in addition to your essay (or research paper). Outlining the sections right at the start of writing research paper can help you to keep up an appropriate structure for the whole write up. You should begin with the thesis of the paper, and thus do not begin using subheadings. Making an APA outline is the very first point to do in developing a structure on what's going to be written in the paper and the way it's written. Our research paper outline templates can help you save plenty of time and money. Don't forget that the chief goal of the research paper is to clearly show your abilities to work on your own and demonstrate the scope of your knowledge on several different topics. Research Paper preparation means handling a great deal of information. A research paper on-line template is among the practical tool for writing a research topic. Excellent research paper's examples almost always concentrate on novel suggestions to address which will be of value in the area. Outline Example for Research Paper Ideas Outline could possibly be final or draft. Completing an MLA outline will guarantee your research paper format is accurate.

Manage Quality Customer Service Tourism Australia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Manage Quality Customer Service Tourism Australia. Answer: Introduction As more people travel on leisure and business across Australia, the demand for high-quality tourism and hospitality service businesses is also on the rise(Mok, Sparks Kadampully 2013). This results in a large number of entrepreneurs investing heavily on developing hospitality service businesses to cater to the rising demand of travels across Australia. But simply investing on the infrastructure does not guarantee success and hospitality businesses must consider delivering high-quality services at competitive rates so as to attract customers and generate the highest revenue. To achieve this hospitality business will need to focus on three main areas namely customer expectations, service management and delivery and monitoring and adjustment of existing services(Horner Swarbrook 2016). These will assist the business to identify customer expectations which can be used to manage and deliver on customer exception as well as monitor and adapt to new trends which will ensure the business r etains its competitive edge in the industry. Develop Quality Customer Service Practices To deliver high-quality customer services it is essential that the hospitality business first undertakes a customer expectation audit to determine consumer expectations. The audit will help the business understand customer expectation as well as evaluate the services being delivered by competitors(Allen 2006). This information can then be used to assist the business to develop an effective service delivery plan which addresses all aspects linked to the business. Data collected from the audit will help the business develop a competitive advantage among its competitors by identifying the services they deliver allowing the business deliver better services than their competitors. Data collection can be done using the internet, field surveys and practical visits of the chosen location as well as competitors and customers with the objective of collecting data which can be used to develop the service delivery plan(Edosomwan 1995). Its critical to collect data related to customer expectation , staffing requirements, and needs as well as legal policies and procedures linked to the specific hospitality industry which will also influence the services delivered by the business to its customers. Manage and Delivery of Quality Customer Services On competition of the quality service delivery audit, the hospitality business will need to evaluate the customer expectation and consider their budget to determine services which can be delivered(Wagen Goonetilleke 2015). Its important to understand that it may not be possible to deliver on every customer expectations thus it's essential to break down the customer quality expectation into primary and secondary expectation and focus on delivering the primary quality expectations before turning to secondary needs. The quality service delivery plan should be approached in the same way be the deal without daily household needs whereby basic needs such as cleanliness, hygiene, good food, accessibility room service and security are delivered at affordable rates. Only after basic requirements have been delivered a hospitality business consider offering secondary requirement which can also be classified as luxury services which may be demanded by a smaller proportion of customers. Its impo rtant to focus on basic service quality expectation delivery since the majority of travelers are middle-income earners who prefer budget hospitality services. This makes it essential that the business delivers on high-quality basic needs for to tap into this market before considering targeting the higher income groups who also have luxury service expectations(Lamb, Hair McDaniel 2008). Monitor and Adjust Customer Services to Meet Market Demand Like most other businesses today the hospitality industry is also constantly evolving and customers expectations are constantly increasing. This makes it important that the hospitality business also constantly monitor customer expectation and services being delivered by competitors so as to make adjustments that meet consumer and market demands(Aubrey 2014). This is also known as innovation in most other industries whereby a dedicated team is associated to researching on the latest development in the field which can be used to improve service delivery. This also ensures the businesses sustainability and allows the business to retain its competitive edge and its customers who will build a trust with the businesses ability to deliver the best quality services in the industry. Failing to monitor competitors and major adjustment as per the customer and market trends will result in losing customer confidence resulting in major reductions in revenue generation and profits. This makes const ant monitoring and adjustments to service quality delivery an important requirement that each hospitality business must maintain so as to ensure sustainable growth and development in the industry. Industry monitoring is best achieved by utilizing a wide array of tools which both digital as well as the manual which can help deliver the business analysis from the different aspect and also help identify important requirements the business may need to consider so as to remain competitive(Dwyer HopWood 2011). Digital communication is also an effective tool used in monitoring and industry as it can help gather consumer expectations from global perspective thus allowing the business make adjustments targeting the global consumer expectation as opposed to only focusing on the Australian consumer. This will allow for the business to deliver international hospitality standard which is vital towards delivering an advanced competitive edge among consumers. Conclusion The hospitality and travel industry caters to people who are looking for high-quality service quality delivery due to them expecting a change and above normal daily life needs. This makes it critical for business in the industry to deliver high-quality services to as to develop and retain consumer confidence. For that business offering hotel and boarding services, the challenges are even higher due to there being multiple hygiene related aspects which need to be considered as opposed to businesses catering to food and cuisine. Either way success and only be achieved and retained by performing constant research in the industry which will help gather consumer and competitor quality expectations and delivery thus allow the business deliver better quality as opposed to its competitors which are likely to help attract more customer and boost revenue generation. References: Allen, M 2006, How To Develop Maintain Quality, Lotus Press, New Delhi. Aubrey, K 2014, Manage Quality Customer Service Workbook, Software Publications Pty, Limited. Dwyer, J HopWood, N 2011, Management Strategies Skills, Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Edosomwan, J 1995, Integrating Productivity and Quality Management, Second Edition, 2nd edn, CRC Press, New York. Horner, S Swarbrook, J 2016, Consumer Behaviour in Tourism, 3rd edn, Routledge, New York. Lamb, C, Hair, J McDaniel, C 2008, Essentials of Marketing, Cengage Learning, Mason. Mok, C, Sparks, B Kadampully, J 2013, Service Quality Management in Hospitality, Tourism, and Leisure, Routledge, Oxon. Wagen, L Goonetilleke, A 2015, Hospitality Management, Strategy and Operations, Pearson Higher Education AU, Frenchs Forest.

Pepsi Print Ad Analysis free essay sample

Although Coca Cola justified it by saying that its competitors had similar levels of acidity content, it launched a public campaign regarding quality control to target the quality and health conscious and maintain their position in the market with a â€Å"safe† drink. The Ad line at the bottom of the Print Ad, â€Å"Ask it for either way both trademarks mean the same† is to inform the public that both the names are the same drink. Coke was the initial name, and it was rebranded as Coca Cola.But there was always a threat of brand diminishment, and also lack of response towards Coca Cola. Coke had already established itself in the market, and the fall in the market presence of the brand ‘Coke’ and the increased presence of the brand ‘Coca Cola’ would create an uncertainty about the sales of the product. Therefore such an ad campaign was essential to inform the consumers, so that they wouldn’t differentiate between the two brands and relished Coca Cola the way they relished Coke. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Print Ad Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Analysis of the Images The images depict the production line of Coca Cola, where finished products of Coke are shown in line. This is to depict that Coke takes all the necessary measures to maintain high quality in its products, and that the quality of all the bottles that it produces is the same and does not differ from one another. The bottles also use the name Coca Cola and not Coke, thereby promoting the new brand.

Supervise vs. Monitor

Supervise vs. Monitor Supervise vs. Monitor Supervise vs. Monitor By Maeve Maddox A reader wants to know if there’s a difference between the verbs supervise and monitor. Both are synonyms for the act of overseeing the execution of a task or activity. Some speakers use them interchangeably, but they do differ in connotation. Supervise implies more interaction than monitor. Supervisors have the responsibility of informing and directing, while monitors observe without instructing. A person who supervises children is expected to step in if they behave contrary to expectations; a person or machine engaged in monitoring an activity is not generally expected to deal directly with a problem, but to alert a person in charge. The noun form for supervise is supervisor; monitor serves as noun as well as verb. A supervisor is always human; a monitor may be a human being or a machine. Monitor comes from Latin monere, â€Å"to warn.† It’s the monitor’s job to warn someone that some activity is not proceeding according to plan. You might monitor your utility bills by keeping track of the monthly increases and decreases. The Yankees also will monitor what the Brewers do with Rickie Weeks, who could be beaten out at second base by Scooter Gennett. Just asking a child to monitor their own behavior will increase the behavior that you want and reduce the behavior you do not want to see. Sometimes a monitor may be expected to act, but only in an extreme situation requiring immediate attention. Police expected to monitor Rizzuto funeral visitation closely Another noun for the person who oversees the work of others is overseer, a word which can bear a negative connotation. Historically, an overseer was in charge of slaves or, in Australia, a band of convicts. In modern Australian usage, an overseer is the manager of a sheep station or other rural property. In American usage, an Overseer is a member of a university governing board, or a religious leader. In general American usage, however, overseer is still strongly associated with slavery; think Jonas Wilkerson in Gone With the Wind. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should KnowSelect vs. SelectedList of 50 Compliments and Nice Things to Say!

The Art Of Writing News

The Art Of Writing News The Art Of Writing News The Art Of Writing News By Sharon News writing is a key skill for journalists, but it helps with other types of writing as well. Thats because news writing is about telling a story quickly and concisely. Anyone can learn to do this, with a bit of help. Heres how you can write the news and get your story across. The technique also works well for writing press releases. News Writing Structure News writing has its own structure. Its called the inverted pyramid. This upside down triangle serves as a guide for how you include information in the story. Using the inverted pyramid means starting with the most important information, then putting the next most important info and so on. It can also serve as a guide for writing each paragraph in the story. Start with the most important point, then the next most important and so on. The inverted pyramid has an interesting history. Before digital printing and desktop publishing, news was laid out manually. If a late breaking story came in and the editor needed to make room, then the editor would order another story to be cut. Having the most important information at the top meant that readers always got the essential parts of the story. Writing The Facts Another way to think of the inverted pyramid is that you start with the facts and then add the background. So, how do you know what background to add? Its easy. You can use the 6Ws. Strictly speaking, there arent six Ws, there are actually 5Ws and 1H, but the formula seems to work. That mnemonic reminds us to include the who, where, what, why, when and how of a story. Why is this? Think about how you tell a story to your friends. You might say: Youll never believe WHO I just saw! Then you might go on to tell the story of where the person was, what they were doing, and why its scandalous. We all want to hear about people – and thats what news is about? Look at any news story and you will see that all of this information is in the first two paragraphs. Anything after that is background to the story. Let me give another example. If I were writing about a car crash, I would say who was involved, when and where it happened, why it happened and how it happened. Those would be the main points and my story might look something like this: Two people sustained serious injuries in a car crash at Hill Road at 6am today. The collision happened when Mr. Smith swerved into the opposite lane to avoid a dog in the road. Ms Jones, who was in that lane, was unable to stop in time. Both Mr. Smith and Ms Jones have been taken to the local hospital. This is not a perfect example, but you get the idea – and now you can write the news too. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Program vs. ProgrammeBroadcast vs Broadcasted as Past FormWhat Is the Meaning of "Hack?"

The Cost of Illegal Immigrants in Texas Research Paper

The Cost of Illegal Immigrants in Texas - Research Paper Example This quote is an extract from the Dallas Morning News, which examined the financial effects of the illegal immigrants in Texas. This calculation was done on behalf of the millions of taxpayers who were paying heavily in tax dollars for the presence of illegal immigrants residing in the state. The reason why this problem is especially prominent in Texas as opposed to the other forty-nine states of America is that this state is situated in the very south of the country. Due to its location, it is very near to Mexico, and thus Mexicans illegally emigrating from their own land often settle down or take refuge in this state. Thus, there are thousands of such unregistered immigrants residing in the state of Texas, the costs of which are paid for by the taxpayers and legal inhabitants of Texas, as well as the government responsible. The reason why the presence of these illegal immigrants proves to be such a financial challenge for the legal citizens of this state is that they consume the pu blic goods, which the government provides to the residents of this country. The US, being a developed country, provides several such goods to its citizens, such as health, education, and defense. These are all public goods, which it provides to every citizen of the country. These costs are especially prominent concerning health care costs, which these illegal immigrants incur. â€Å"The Texas Hospital Association has estimated the annual cost of uncompensated care to illegal immigrants at nearly $400 million a year†.... In addition, as mentioned in the news extract above, these costs included the cost of 66,000 births in one year, which makes up a large proportion of these costs. These services however are not completely free of cost for these citizens. The government finances them using the tax dollars that these citizens themselves pay out of their own incomes, in the form of both direct and indirect taxes. However, only the legal citizens of the country pay direct taxes on their income, as they are the only ones of whom the government has a record. Thus, this allows for tax evasion by all those illegal citizens who reside in the county without the permission or knowledge of the government. They do not pay direct taxes on their incomes, and therefore avoid having to pay the government for all the above-mentioned public good and services that it provides to them. In other words, they are able to avail these services free even when they are not the ones paying for them. The legal citizens who are ta xpayers, bear the whole cost of such goods and services, even when there are thousands of other illegal consumers present. Thus, this is a heavy financial burden for the taxpayers to bear, since they pay not just for themselves, thus severely testing the patience of these law-abiding citizens. Moreover, due to the geographical location of the state of Texas, it is especially vulnerable to this problem. Another cost that these citizens pay because of the presence of these illegal immigrants is the disruption in law and order, which they cause. Their presence is often accompanied by several offences, which include robberies and drug trafficking. This is a large disadvantage for those citizens who abide by the law and hope for peaceful and

Welcome Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Welcome Letter - Essay Example The most interesting part is the business proposal; you will ultimately have 3 topics to choose. My advice would be to pick the one you are interested in the most and work hard towards a finished product. Trust me, you will learn a lot in the business report. After spring break, our class started to work on the proposal. Accordingly, each week we were assigned to write a part of the report. Don’t be upset if you have a bad grade after professor graded your first submission. You have a chance here to revise and the professor will leave useful feedback in I learned. Please follow the comments to redo your work and you could drastically improve your grade. For example, I did very poorly in my first submission, so I rewrote my approach following the feedback I had received; as such, the revision was much better than the first one and it gave me great encouragement. Also, checking your grammar and proofreading your work will make a huge difference. When working on your own proposal you should first carefully read the prompts and make sure you understand the instructions before starting to write. Second, always ask yourself if the sources you are using are the right ones and whether or not there is any alternative way to view the issues at hand. Lastly, check the grammar and proofread your work carefully. Although some of my work got a high grade, I often time needed to improve my grammar and proofreading; so there was still a lot of work. From the writing portion of this course, I think I have learned a lot.

Macbeth Article Critique Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Article Critique Essay Overall darkness is at fault for the tragedy of Macbeth. Most scenes in story were dark and held an evil atmosphere. A.C. Bradley stated that with so much darkness surrounding the hero, (Macbeth), he was bound to be corrupted by it. The witch’s prophecy, Lady Macbeth, and the constant spilling of blood both innocent and guilty. This darkness that corrupted him led Macbeth to madness as well as his wife. He and Lady Macbeth feared the night when sleep would succumb them and their guilty conscious plagued their dreams. All their evil deeds were brought to the for-front of their minds when they were asleep and this recurring nightmare drove Lady Macbeth to take her own life. When surrounded by darkness one will eventually succumb to its overwhelming power. A.C. Bradley’s argument about the atmosphere of Macbeth was fairly logical. Except for paragraph three where his words caused confusion. Bradley states that momentary flashes of light are shown at random parts of the play. Then he proceeds onto listing those moments. However, this confuses one’ because he doesn’t state what he believes is the reason for these flashes. This paragraph makes one question whether these flashes are good or bad? Are they a sign of Macbeth turning a new leave? All these questions are a burden to the readers. Another confusing matter that comes into play after reading the article is its clarity. The article is partially written in an advanced jargon. This jargon trips up the readers and forces them to re-read the article, divide it into sections, then analyze and translate the meaning of his words. At first it is difficult to interpret the meaning of his words but once understood one would think â€Å"OH, How come I didn’t get it the first time I read it or was it always this clear†? The analyzing of Bradley’s words take up too much time and he should have written them in simpler terms. This article may have its confusing parts but it is well constructed and states the writers’ opinion clearly and methodically. The reactions it evoked from one’ were confusion, stress, and amazement. A.C. Bradley can truly write an amazing paper that makes the readers think deeply without restraint. This article made one think of questions such as â€Å" Did Shakespeare really use light as a fore-warning of an evil deed instead of a good deed?† or â€Å"Does living in a negative environment warp a person’s personality and make them evil and deadly?† the article is great and should be read and critiqued by others. The atmosphere of Macbeth was indeed dark and did weigh on the characters souls, but it is not what caused the tragic events in Macbeth. What caused the tragedy was pure human greed and lust for power. In the beginning of the play when the witches for-told Macbeth of his destiny to become king he began to think of all the ways he could hasten his crowning. However, he feared his treasonous thoughts but his wife didn’t. Ensnared in her lust for power, riches, and fame Macbeth acted on those treasonous thought and killed his king. The man he swore ever-lasting allegiance to. All this just to satisfy his and his Lady’s’ greed for the power King Duncan held. However, his crowning only led to paranoia and un-satisfaction. This is because a senseless act done out of greed can never satisfy or settle ones heart and conscious. Like Erich Fromm stated â€Å"Greed is a bottomless pit which exhausts the person in an endless effort to satisfy the need without ever ending satisfaction.† The hole that could never be filled in Macbeth drove him to madness and in the end led to his and many others’ demise. Greed, lust, and power all added together never result in a happy ending. It only leads to tragedy. The tragedy that was the atmosphere of Macbeth.

Australian Camels Essay -- Animals Papers

Australian Camels The livestock of man has been distributed throughout the world. Horses, cattle, sheep, pigs and goats can be found on every continent of the planet, with the exception of Antarctica. These common animals supply man with food, materials, and transportation. For thousands of years men have bred these animals for specific purposes. Horses have been bred for work and racing. Cattle have been selectively bred to supply more meat and live in different conditions. Higher quality wool and meat production is the goal of sheep breeders. Yet all of these selectively bred, finely tuned animals require many hours of tending to. Also, they are limited to living in relatively hospitable environments. The Australian outback is a vicious, unforgiving place. Early explorers discovered this the hard way. Many an ill equipped man perished in the deserts of Australia. The camel was the solution for desert transportation in Australia. Big, ugly and rude, these magnificent beasts thrive in the vast arid regions of the land â€Å"Down Under.† Origins of Camels It is widely believed that camels evolved in North America. The fossil record supports that the family Camelidae and their immediate ancestors evolved almost exclusively in North America. From the upper Eocene time through the Tertiary period into the Pelsitocene epoch, a period about 40 million years ago, they evolved from the size of small rabbits into the modern beasts of over 2 meters tall today. [1] From North America cameloids gradually dispersed throughout South America, developing into alpacas (L. pacos), guanacos (L. guanicoe), llamas (L. peruana), and vicunas (V. vicugna). Today there are two modern types of... ...12] Kimber, R.G. Man from Arltunga. Hesperian Press. Victoria. 1986. p. 44-45 [13] Visconti, M., â€Å"The Afghans and Their Camels in Australia. Antipodes. June 2000. p. 19-20 [14] Alice Springs Government Website-History [15] Calamunda Camel Farm and Tearooms-Ships of the Desert [16] McKnight, T., The Camel in Australia. Melbourne University Press. Carlton, 1969p. 8 [17] Calamunda Camel Farm and Tearooms-Ships of the Desert [18] McKnight, T., The Camel in Australia. Melbourne University Press. Carlton, 1969p. 8-9 [19] Calamunda Camel Farm and Tearooms-Ships of the Desert [20] Camels Australia Export -History [21] Calamunda Camel Farm and Tearooms-Uses [22] Calamunda Camel Farm and Tearooms-Uses [23] Camels Australia Export -Products [24] Camels Australia Export -Products [25] Camels Australia Export –Capture and Handling

Main Death Camp in 1942 Essay

Firstly, until mid-1943, the main death camps were camps similar to Sobibor, Belzec, and Treblinka. However, when all of the ‘non desirables’ had been liquidated, these camps shut down. Death camps were only meant to be a temporary place, and once their job was completed, they would quickly be dismantled. Auschwitz was different. It incorporated a Labour camp – so was designed for a much longer use than its’ contenders. The fact that it was one of the few camps that wasn’t temporary, meant that Jews from other areas of Europe – not just from nearby districts – were sent to Auschwitz to be dealt with accordingly. This made Auschwitz’s population grow to way beyond the amount it was originally designed to hold around 11,000. However, in August 1944, the population was a massive 105,168. Secondly, the camp also had other uses, apart from a death camp. Auschwitz I was the base camp, in which the whole of Auschwitz-Birkenau was operated from, which also incorporated a few gas chambers, and prison cells. Auschwitz II-Birkenau was the main death camp, where the majority of the 1.5-2 million Jews were killed. Auschwitz II also incorporated a separate camp for Roma and Ukrainian Gypsies, where Gypsies were sent from Ghettos such as Lodz, and from countries in the Nazi Empire. Auschwitz III was the main Labour camp, where Jews and other ‘less desirables’ were held and worked for the Reich. Auschwitz also had 45 sub-camps, in the surrounding areas. These sub-camps were concentration camps, where ‘non desirables’ were held until they were moved to Auschwitz itself. The vast array of camps in Auschwitz made it the main extermination camp, as it was a lot easier sending the ‘non desirables’ to Auschwitz via train, that to build several hundred temporary Extermination camps. Lastly, Himmler ordered for the camp to increase in size, saying ‘the existing extermination centres in the east are not sufficient to cope with an operation on such a scale’. The war emphasised the quickly progressed the killings in the Death camps, and Himmler knew that there were no camps big enough to ‘deal’ with the ‘undesirables’ on an industrial level. Auschwitz by this time was quite a small camp, with good railway links to Germany and  the rest of Poland. During this time, Himmler also, said that Auschwitz should be the main camp for the proposed â€Å"Final Solutions†. In conclusion, the main reason why Auschwitz was the main Death Camp was due to the fact that Auschwitz was one of the few permanent ‘killing stations’. This meant that ‘undesirables’ were sent there from all over Europe, and overpopulated the camp. This resulted in the camp increasing in size, and overall, having over seven gas chambers and crematoriums.

Critical Race Theory and Class Essay

The Critical Race Theory (CRT) defines a broader and more contextual way of looking at race relations, specifically in the United States, than the classical conventional civil rights perceptions of race and racism. The development of the critical race theory was in response to the increasing concern in the mid 1970s about the lethargic pace of change in laws to tackle civil rights issues and promote racial issues. â€Å"The development of critical race theory points to a new direction taken by civil rights activists in the wake of civil rights setbacks in the 1970s and 1980s when official government policy no longer supported an expansive civil rights agenda. † (Jones, 2002, pp. 1) As implied by its name, the Critical Race Theory is a critical way of looking at race relations. The Critical Race Theory looks beyond the gross violations of civil rights or instances of racial discriminations, and tries to focus on the subtle racial nuances that combine together to make up the milieu of civil rights violations in everyday life. These subtle racial nuances are termed micro-aggressions, and critical race theorists believe that it is the micro-aggressions that actually reveal the true extent of racism in the United States. â€Å"†¦everyday racism, in the form of micro-aggressions, is incessant and cumulative as practiced in everyday actions by individuals, groups, and institutional policy rules and administrative procedures† (Solorzano, 1998). The logic behind the Critical Race Theory is that while classical racism has subsided to a considerable extent, everyday racism has grown in its intensity and scope (Bell, 1992). According to the Critical Race theory, the laws and rules that are in place to curb racism apply only to the gross and extreme types of injustice and are largely ineffective in the case of micro-aggressions. Racism in its more subtle but equally detrimental and damaging form persists in the United States. â€Å"Formal equality can do little about the business-as-usual forms of racism that people of color confront every day and that account for much misery, alienation, and despair† (Parker, 2008). There are five basic tenets that guide the Critical Race Theory. First, racism is held to be a very normal, everyday phenomenon almost mundane by its frequency of occurrence. Racism is not an aberration in society, it is the rule. Racism is inherent in society. That is what makes racism so difficult to curb racism or cure society of it. The classical ideal behind ‘color blindness’, or the approach that did not take cognizance of color differences as envisioned by the civil rights movement of the 1960s is considered flawed as it makes the conventional racism rules and laws ineffective against the racism that is ingrained in the thought processes of individuals and in social structures. They are blind to discriminations against color inherent in society, and only serve to restrain the minorities in subordinate positions. The proponents of the theory believe that aggressive color-conscious efforts are required to change the present environment of racial discrimination. The second tenet of the theory is referred to as the ‘Interest Convergence’ and postulates that racism works to the advantage of both the elites and the working classes amongst the Whites, there is very little incentive or motivation amongst a large majority of the whites to curb racism. A large number of laws against racism is said to be passed only if they are found not to go against the interest of the dominant White community, and in no way deprives them of the advantages that had been accruing to them. Conversely, only those laws or rules which serve the self interests of the Whites are passed. The third very important theme of the Critical Race Theory is that race by itself has no biological, genetic or physical basis, but is largely a social construct. Race is a product of social, and it is defined by how society moulds the human mind. â€Å"Not objective, inherent, or fixed, they (races) correspond to no biological or genetic reality; rather, races are categories that society invents, manipulates, or retires when convenient. † (Delgado & Stefancic, 2000). This is because though people share certain physical and genetic traits such as hair texture and color, eye shape, average height, skin color, etc, they are mostly overridden by differences in the higher-order traits such as intelligence, behavior and personality. Society however chooses to club people into distinct racial groups, ignoring scientific facts and attributing hypothetical racial characteristics on these groups. According to the Differential Racialization perspective of the Critical Race Theory, the dominant group in a society ‘racializes’ different minority groups differently depending on changing conditions and needs. The stereotyping of the same minority group tends to vary over periods based on the requirement or utility of the group. The closely related notion of Intersectionality and Anti-essentialism in the Critical Race Theory states that every individual has multiple identities, loyalties and allegiances which could be potentially in conflict with each other. Finally, proponents of the Critical Race Theory believe in the thesis of the ‘unique voice of color’ – which states that oppressed groups, by dint of their experience of oppression are able to communicate to the dominant group matters that the dominant group may not be aware of. The ‘Legal Storytelling’ movement therefore encourages members of the oppressed groups to recount their experiences in the form of storytelling. The Critical Race Theory is a useful tool for analyzing the racial impact of laws and policies, their effectiveness and their shortcomings. Social Class and its Structure A society divides its people into distinct hierarchical groups based on their social and economic status. This hierarchical distinction or stratification of groups or individuals in any community or society is referred to as the system of social class, and each group or hierarchy within the system is known as a Social Class. Although most societies usually have some form of class structure, there are examples of societies, especially of the hunter-gatherer type, in which class distinctions are not to be found. Class is largely determined factors that influence social, economic and political status of the individual such as employment or occupation, education and qualification, wealth, ownership of property, means of production, etc. Although social class is not deemed to be hereditary, the status of the preceding generation usually influences the next generation which finds it comparatively easy to hold on to the same class or rise up to a higher class. Individuals may move from one class to the other because of change in economic, political and social status. This is known as Social Mobility. An individual experiences upward social mobility when she or he moves from a lower class to an upper class by dint of success in economic, social or political spheres; conversely, an individual experiences downward social mobility from an upper class to a lower class because of failure in economic, social or political life. There is intense debate over the theoretical definition of social class. Classes are usually identified on the basis of the most important criteria that differentiate classes in the society; the number of class hierarchies that exist, the extent to which the class structure is accorded recognition within the society. Classes are broadly defined as per the Realist approach and the Nominalist approach. A realist approach defines class in terms of distinct groups bounded by clear boundaries with which people identify themselves and adhere to. Interactions are primarily intra class. The nominalist definition of class however focuses more on the characteristics that are common to people in a given class. These characteristics are education, profession, political or social standing, etc. The nominalist class is not determined by social interactions, but by the exhibited characteristics of individuals. In whatever way we may define class, there is no contesting the fact that almost every action of an individual is influenced by class and class structure because the individual tends to behave according to the norms of the class that she or he belongs to. Class consciousness often also translates into political action. Therefore, â€Å"†¦the process of transformation of societies from one social system to another depends on the nature and dynamics of class relations and class struggles that are historically specific in accordance with a society’s dominant mode of production and its attendant superstructure. †(Berberoglu, 1994) There are different class structures in different societies. In the United States and Britain class is distinguished along economic parameters, and generically comprises the upper class, middle class and the lower class. The traditional caste system in India is based on the type of work of an individual. The kings and fighting princes belonged to the nobility, the priests, businessmen and the laborers all had their own classes. China and Japan had feudal classes. As the world is fast being transformed into a global village, traditional classes based on feudal or religious systems are changing in structure to those of economic or political classes. However, social classes retain their importance as determinants of the actions of all members in a large majority of the societies of the world. References -01 Bell, D. , A. , 1992, Faces at the bottom of the well: The Permanence of Racism. New York: Basic Books. Berberoglu, B. , 1994, Class Structure and Social Structure, Praeger Publishers, Westport. Delgado, R. , Stefancic, J. , Critical Race Theory, An Introduction, New York University Press. Jones B. , D. , 2002, Critical Race Theory: New Strategies for Civil Rights in the New Millennium, Harvard BlackLetter Law Journal, Volume 18. Parker, L. , 2008, Critical Race Theory and African Studies: Making Connections to Education, University of Illinois-Chicago Solorzano, D. , 1998, Critical race theory, racial and gender microaggressions, and the experiences of Chicana and Chicano scholars. International journal of qualitative studies in education.

Choosing a Short Story Setting that Matters

Choosing a Short Story Setting that Matters Mississippi native, Eudora Welty, was one of the most influential American short story writers of our times. She held this title because she understood the absolute and primary importance of setting within the genre. She said, Every story would be another story, and unrecognizable if it took up its characters and plot and happened somewhere else... Fiction depends for its life on place. Place is the crossroads of circumstance, the proving ground of, What happened? Whos here? Whos coming?...The importance of setting is often overlooked by amateur writers who delve so deeply into characterization that they forget to acknowledge the setting as one of the most necessary characters of them all. For this reason, the setting should be relevant and familiar to the author- a place he or she knows well and a place that can be described in detail to bring the reader there. The typical word count of short stories does not allow for the same extent of characterization that can be used in novels, so setting must add the additional layer. Who the characters are will inevitably be molded by the setting of the short story.What is included in setting?Setting is more than just place or geographical location. It also includes time period, time of year, and time of the day, as well as the temperature and weather conditions on that day. Beyond this, it includes the social conditions of the characters- the local color, mannerisms, customs, speech patterns and dialects. All of these added together are the framework of setting and all are important to allow your reader to understand the characters you have created.Since short stories are limited in their words, the tactics you use for creating setting and atmosphere should be chosen wisely. For example, while using the five senses is important (what the character is touching, hearing, seeing, etc.), you must still move the plot forward at a steady pace to reach the resolution within a lowered word count limit. What this means is you ca nt get lost in sensory detail, although it is important; your setting needs to pervade the story but not overpower it.Setting and contextSetting creates the context within which your characters will change and develop. Think of it this way: In real life, a persons context creates them. Their history, their economic situation, and their cultural background all play an integral role in shaping that person into who they are. The same is true for fictional characters. You must consider a characters context to understand them in depth and the setting creates much of that context for them. It is therefore an incredibly useful part of plot for a writer and much can be accomplished within the creation of it.The impact of settingAs mentioned above, the impact of setting in fiction works much the same way as the impact of setting in real life. How a character sees or interprets the scenes around him or her (and thereby, the setting) will tell the reader much about that character. Is the chara cter moved by the setting? Is the character afraid of the setting? Is the character attempting to escape the setting? All of these considerations will create a three-dimensional depth to your characters that would otherwise be absent if not for the revelations that the setting (and the characters reaction to it) provides.Authors goals in creating settingSo what should be the authors goals in creating a short story setting that does what it is supposed to do?Think about what elements of setting are essential to the story. If a character needs to view something in order to have a particular reaction, make sure youve created the space from which they can view it. If a landmark is a necessary element of the story, describe it in detail. Consider all of the thematic approaches that you wish to use and then think about how setting can relate them.Think about what is needed for characterization. Do you need to show a particular characters attachment to his or her family through photos on t he wall? Can you use objects to show a characters lack of responsibility instead of simply stating that he or she is irresponsible? Is the character poor, rich or middle class, and what possessions can they have to denote this?Think about the backstory you need to tell. What parts of your setting have been influenced by earlier events? What is the name of the street or town, and what previous events does that name suggest? What does a character have in his or her possession that tells us something about their past without overtly stating it? What does the character reveal through conversation about where he or she has been and where he or she is going?Think about how to reveal time, place and culture. The objects in the room or surrounding a character reveal the time period in which he or she is living. Street names or famous landmarks reveal location. Artifacts and symbols reveal the culture associated with the story and the characters within it. All of these elements of plot shoul d be shown rather than told.Only through careful consideration of all that your setting should reveal are you able to use setting the way it is meant to be used in writing a short story. Since the short story has such an abbreviated time to reveal a lot of information, using setting to say more than whats written is not only important- its necessary.

The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary Book Summary

The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary Book Summary The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary is an illustrated account of the making of the movie by series author. Jeff Kinney provides a behind the scenes look at the casting and making of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid movie, as well as its relationship to the Diary of a Wimpy Kid book, the first book in the series. Highlights Kinney then recounts the differing viewpoints of Hollywood executives on what the movie should be like, the initial drafts of the script and the hiring of the director. He describes the search for the perfect young actors to portray Greg and his friend Rowley and their screen test. Kinney includes sketches and essays by the young actors about the character each was to portray, which provide insight as to what they thought about their characters. Author Jeff Kinney and His Books Diary of a Wimpy KidDiary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick RulesDiary of a Wimpy Kid: Dog DaysDiary of a Wimpy Kid: The Ugly TruthDiary of a Wimpy Kid: Cabin FeverDiary of a Wimpy Kid: Do-It-Yourself Book

Voter ID-The social, economic,legal and political aspects of Voter ID Research Paper

Voter ID-The social, economic,legal and political aspects of Voter ID laws - Research Paper Example An examination of the Governor Tom Corbett’s speech concerning the enactment of these laws reveals that the governor proposed for the enactment of the laws stating that he signed the bill because he believed that the bill was a scared principle protecting the rights of the citizens. The governor described this as a principle that encouraged the one person one vote issue. It is evident that the governor did believe that the enactment of the laws did put in place simple standards that would protect the integrity of the elections. However, it is evident that some sources argued that the main reason as to why the Corbett might have signed the bill is because he was under the republican led legislature. This was the same case in eight other states, which include; Kansas, Alabama, Tennessee, Carolina, Wisconsin and Texas. Some of the politicians did believe that the enactment of the laws would have prevented fraud related to voter impersonation. However, these were followed with rea ctions from other politicians who believed that voter impersonation fraud was rare in most states (Barnes 29). Other political consequences that accompanied the enactment of voter identification laws included; the reactions from supporters in states such as South Carolina who suggested that; the enactment of the new voter identification laws resulted to the casting of votes even in the names of dead people. However, it is evident that when the states election commission carried out their investigation, no evidence of fraud or clerical errors was obtained. It is believed that such demonstration might have been driven by political factors because even investigations from the courts revealed that nobody had been convicted of voter fraud. The other political consequence that followed the enactment of voter identification laws included reactions from those in the opposition, who believed that the

Analyze the article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyze the article - Essay Example A drop in the stock market has increased adverse selection and moral hazards because it has resulted in a weakening of the market value of firms' net worth, so lenders are less eager to lend, as deficits from loans are likely to be acute. This decline in lending has then triggered investment and aggregate yield to decline. Also, the waning corporate net worth has increased moral hazard inducements for companies to make risky investments because they now have less to lose. Again this increase in moral hazard makes lending less attractive. The failure of financial institutions in the mortgage debacle, together with the drop in the stock market has led to uncertainty in financial markets. It is more difficult to determine good from bad credit, which again has resulted to a fall in lending, investment and cumulative activity. The source of the current bank panic therefore, is asymmetric information. The result is that loan funds have been reduced and the price of intermediation has risen, which has caused a drop in investment and a decline in aggregate economic activity (Mishkin).

Assertion of the Supreme Court Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assertion of the Supreme Court - Research Paper Example Bill of Rights – was founded on this concern; inclusive of all its prohibitions, pertaining to various issues of legal justice and jurisprudence. In this regard, issues focused on within the prohibitions include: - the rights of all Americans against self-incrimination, right against unwarranted and unreasonable searches and seizures, and importantly; with regard to the issue under focus – the right to trial by jury. This right to a jury trial, plays a vital role within the American justice system; hence the need to not only understand prevailing weaknesses and strengths, but further still, on the critical function of the jury, within criminal matter contexts (Vogler, 2005). The American Supreme Court, has in recent history continuously asserted on the fact that a defendant is not entitled to a jury that is composed in part, or whole, by individuals of his/her own race or ethnic identity. These rulings are without doubt well-intentioned, given the sensitive nature of criminal trials in any given locality or state. While viewed as a positive way forward, the rulings in no way obligate the utility of racially mixed juries in given case scenarios, nor do they prohibit states from utilizing such a jury. In fact, as Jeffrey (1994) asserts, quite a substantial number of legal scholars and policy makers are of the view that the utility of racial criteria, can in fact aid in the promotion of racial diversity within prevailing American juries. Suggestions have been further provided, on the need to ensure larger proportions of racial minorities are included; by way of removing some of the majority-race jurors present (Jeffrey, 1994). According to the Sixth Amendment of the American Constitution, a jury trial is guaranteed to anyone facing all manner of criminal cases i.e. misdemeanor, felony, state or federal in nature. Presently however, as Forsyth & Appleton (2009) allude, it is more common to those individuals facing potential imprisonment, of at least six

Examination Of The Organization Of Islamic Conference Politics Essay

Examination Of The Organization Of Islamic Conference Politics Essay The main purpose of these paper is to analyze the performance of the Organization of Islamic conference and find the way forward for the problems existing within the organization . In these paper I would take the prospect of being in charge of the organization of Islamic conference. These means that i will presuppose the position of the secretary general of the organization of Islamic conference ( OIC). While taking that imaginary post , ill be briefly discussing on the origins of the international relations, what were the main reasons for its establishment . In addition, ill be engaging in an in-depth analysis of its achievements , drawbacks . Subsequently, ill develop an practical and implementable solution on three major important arenas The International politics and diplomacy, the educational arena and economical and financials spheres. Introduction: Islamic Thought on International Relation. Its undeniably true that the concepts of politics, diplomacy and international relation realms can be traced back to the ancient Islamic history. Its clearly evident such phenomenon existed during the prophets (p.b.u.h) reign when he had treaties with the Jews, Christians from Najran  [1]  and Aqabah  [2]  , these continued to the times of the four rightly guided caliphates to Umayyad dynasty to Fatimid Dynasty and so on. Also these was under the Islamic concept and umbrella of ummah, which means the community of believers that consists of all Muslim nations and races. The fall of the Ottoman Islamic empire and other many different dynasties across the globe, paved a way to the adoption of the European and western ideology of the state system. Nationalism became the frontier which defined a nation rather than their religious affiliations. The belief and principle of the Islamic ummah was gradually vanishing from the Islamic Nations. Its irrefutable that this was orchestrated by the west for the primary purpose of stopping the dominance of Islam as religion. So by introducing these new concept of state system, it will divide the Islamic ummah into different countries and their citizens would pledge their allegiance to the state rather than the Islamic Ummah. These caused tensions, divides, competitions amongst Muslim nations hence resulting into current unfortunate situation. On the occasion of rising of the modern state system, many Muslim scholars argued back and forth on whether the concept of a nation come to blows with the universality and the unity of Islamic ummah. Many have provided evidence in support of the assertion they can co-exist while many have refuted and give a counter arguments on that case. Muslim thinkers, such as Allama Muhammad Iqbal argued on the basis that Islam provides with the model for human unity and so long as the Muslims believe in the oneness of Allah (Tawheed) ; then, nationalism can co-exist with the principle of Islamic Ummah. Origin of the Organization of Islamic Conference ( OIC). With the modern world order resulting to a rapid rise and continual impact of the western political and economic dominance throughout the muslim nations, some of the muslim thinkers and scholars developed the theory of Pan-Islamism.  [3]  These started from early nineteenth century with scholars such as Mohamed Abdou, Jamaldin Al-Afghani and similar like them. Many attempts of instituting an International islamic body failed miserably. However, it came to fruition in the 1960s and this was through the tenacious adherence and firm believe by the different muslim leaders in that era in having a united front of Muslims. Despite the difference and the existence of the fundamentalists, socialists , nationalists and secularists in the muslim states this was finally achieved. The establishment of the organization of Islamic conference came shortly after the historic event of the Arab-Israel conflict of 1967. Israel as a very small nation was able to crush bigger Islamic and Arab nation such as Jordan, Syria and Egypt. These sent shockwaves through the entire muslim world. The Israelis were able to occupy and take over the third holiest site of Islam, masjid al-aqsa. Afterward this was followed by the criminal and despicable event of blazing down some part of the holy mosque on 21st August 1969. Immediately the muslim leaders called for a quick historical summit which took place in Rabat, Morocco on the 25th September 1969. Ever since the formation of the OIC, it became the second largest inter-governmental organization after the United Nation with fifty seven member states around the world. These was true success and the organization became the voice of the muslim through the world and it ensured to uphold and protect the interest of Islam and the muslims in the firm believe and spirit of promoting peace, harmony and unity among the various diverse people in the world. In March of 1970, the first Islamic conference of foreign ministers was held in Jeddah and through this meeting Jeddah was selected as the headquarters of OIC, pending the liberation of Jerusalem which would be the permanent headquarters of OIC. As well, the role of permanent general secretariat was set up which the main is to ensure an effective cooperation among member state and to co-ordinate their actions. Two years later, the Islamic conference of foreign ministers meeting for the third session adopted the charter of the institute whose main aim was to strengthen the cooperation, smooth cohesion and solidarity amongst the member states in the political, economical, scientific, social and cultural grounds. Objectives of Organization of Islamic Conference ( OIC) Under the Charter, the organization of Islamic conference aims to achieve the following ; Strengthen the Islamic solidarity among member states. Coordinate action to safeguard the holy site of Islam. Strengthen cooperation amongst member states in the political, economic, scientific, social and cultural fields. Strengthen the struggle of all muslim people to safeguard their dignity, independence and national rights. Coordinate action to support the struggle of the Palestinian people and assisting them in recovering their rights and liberating their occupied territories. Work to eliminate racial discrimination and all forms of colonialism. Work to create a favourable atmosphere for the cooperation and understanding between member states and other countries, parties, and organizations. The charters also spells out some fundamental principles which governs the activities of OIC. To name a few are the full equality amongst member states, the non interference with the internal affairs of member states, the observation of independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of each state. And also a major Islamic principle that exists and is clearly stipulated in the OIC charter is the settlement of any dispute that might arise between the member states by peaceful means such as negotiations, mediation, conciliation and arbitration. This mentioned in the holy Quran in surratul hujjarat [49:7-10] But Allah has endeared the faith to you and has made it seemly in your hearts, and He has made hateful to you unbelief and transgression and disobedience; these it is that are the followers of a right way. By grace from Allah and as a favor; and Allah is Knowing, Wise. And if two parties of the believers quarrel, make peace between them; but if one of them acts wrongfully towards the other, fight that which acts wrongfully until it returns to Allahs command; then if it returns, make peace between them with justice and act equitably; surely Allah loves those who act equitably. The believers are but brethren, therefore make peace between your brethren and be careful of (your duty to) Allah that mercy may be had on you. (49:7-10) Structure and Organs of the Organization of Islamic Conference The organization consists of the followings. The Islamic Summit This the highest decision and policy making organ, its attended by the heads of states of governments and usually they met every three years. The Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers During the three year interval between the summits, these organ members meet to watch over the implementation of decisions taken by the head of states. The Permanent Secretariat These is the executive organ of the OIC which is delegated to handle the day to day activities of the organization. Standing committees. In furtherance of coordinating and boosting the organizations action and bring into line to its view points and stands, the organization has created different standing committees which are chaired by the heads of states. i.e Al-quds Committee, Islamic committee for economic, cultural and social affairs etc. Subsidiary Organs These include the statistical, economic and social research and training center for Islamic countries etc. Specialized Institutions. These includes the Islamic development bank (IDB) , Islamic states broadcasting organization (ISBO) etc Affiliated Institutions These includes the Islamic chamber of commerce and industry (ICCI), Islamic committee of the international crescent (ICIC). C ) The Achievements and Drawbacks of Organization of Islamic Conference One of the major strengths of the OIC is the institutional architecture and the charter itself. With that being a strength OIC was able to achieve a lot of success despite their dormancy in the last fifteen years. With the new general secretary Professor Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu of Turkey who came in by a voting system. Some of the recent achievements done by organizational Islamic conference is initiating the goldstone report which in turn lead to the international condemnation of the Israel government assault on Gaza .Politics is about perception and the organization of Islamic conference must be credited for putting forth the truth of the matter in Palestine and thus wiping off the perception of Israel the occupier as being innocent. A second major achievements was initiation of the Islamic conference humanitarian affairs department in 2008. During the tsunami disaster they extended help to more than 10,000 orphans. And even before the inception of this department some of the philanthropic work they did can be traced by during the end of Balkan war. Many muslim Bosnians were uprooted from their country of birth and were homeless. The OIC setup a fund named the fund for return of the Bosnians refugees which was located in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Also in june of 2007 it jointly organized with the state of Qatar an international donors conference for the republic of Niger to help and beef up the food shortages suffered by the muslim in that state. Also they engaged extensively in other poverty alleviation programs in countries such as Somalia. Despite these achievements, the organization of Islamic conference has had a lot of drawbacks and short comings since its inception. A major weakness is the running of the organization with a short-string budget that comes from mandatory payments from some of the member states. The budget isnt enough for the scope of activities which is to be done and its numerous committees. These is majorly caused by the poor state of the majority of the OIC members states whereby almost half of them are ranked the in lower position in the GDP  [4]  per capita and GNP  [5]  per capita indexes. The lack of enough fund has crippled the OIC in terms of helping to develop the educational standards amongst its member states, the funding of research and developments programs. Early, I mentioned that the institutional architecture as being impressive and as a major strength but I have to point out that still there is insufficiency in it. A main point is the lack of any kind of representative form of leadership and this one echoes the deficit of democracy in the muslim states. A disappointing record mainly characterized by infighting, power struggles and failure to articulate a clear and consistent policies. Further another core problem came from the highest decision making organ named the conference of kings and heads of state. In every summit their work was opaque to the public scrutiny. Furthermore, not until recently the organization had a little contact or cooperation with other nongovernmental or inter-governmental organization in the world such as the united nation. Organization of Islamic Conference has failed miserably on their initial objective of coordinating actions to safeguard the holy site of muslims and Islam. Also one of the founding directives they failed is in the strengthening the struggle of all muslim people to safeguard their dignity, independence and national rights despite it being This hasnt been the case with Afghanistan, Iraq and mostly Palestine. Verbal condemnation is not enough but a rather action is required on these cases. The concerns has been reiterated and the main objectives have been reaffirmed countless times at different meeting forums but the organization has achieved little in the way of material change. Practical and Implementable solutions to the advancement of OIC. If you want to achieve and reach at a desired goal and you havent done it after some period of time has elapsed. Then first you need urgently to revise yourself, your actions, study your surroundings, admit any flaws and mistakes, highlight the drawbacks. Only then you can find solutions as to what has made you deviate from your path of reaching your desired goals. With these done you can formulate a better strategy to attain the new desired targets. Same is the case with the organization of Islamic conference, if I was in charge I would do similar steps in finding the solutions to the current existing problems and then i can achieve the envisioned better future. In these part of the paper, I would be discussing on the possible solution on three dimension, the educational, economical and the political arenas. Firstly, the economical arena is a major issue for the OIC member states. Almost half of the member states in OIC are performing badly in all indicators of economy. There are several propositions that can be done for the member state in order to shoot up their economy. Financial sectors, tourism sector, increasing multilateral trades, and allowing foreign direct investments. To start with the tourism sector, the diversity around them and their rich geographical and cultural heritage makes them bear up a remarkable tourism potential. Planning and organizing these sector will play a very considerable role in advancing the socio-economic development in these states. The challenges such as lack of technical know-how, poor promotional activities, lack of investment in the tourism sector in terms safety and diversification would be tackled by two way which are at a national level and organization level. At the national level sustainable tourism development should be included in their framework, while at the organization level joint programs and data networks should be established to reveal the opportunities and be made available for the member states. Another aspect of the economical arena is the financial and investment sector, as the general secretary I would encourage and initiate the establishment of Islamic an Islamic security exchange to be located in Istanbul, Turkey. This would help in intensifying the cooperation of their stock exchanges and also partly encourage foreign direct investments. Furthermore, this will create a common market for introducing and trading Islamic financial instruments and also increasing the participation of muslim countries in the international markets. Hence this will in turn increase the multinational trade amongst the member states. The direct impact of this will be the boost up in the gross domestic product of the countries invested in and the gross national product of the investor country. Secondly, its noticeable in the educational arena of the OIC members state thats their exists a very wide gap on the literacy level in the OIC member states compared to the other developed nation. They are lagging behind in terms of curriculum setup, the research and development, innovation and technology advancement. These can be related to the economical aspects but at the same time these countries are rich in resources and energy. And as earlier discussed, developing the tourism sector, increasing the multinational trade, and boosting of the economy would generate a great revenue for the member states. This can be channeled to the education sector especially to increase the number of institutions of higher learning whilst improving and reforming centers in preventing brain drains and also revising the curricula in all levels. In addition, encouraging the states to fund the research and development opportunities at the institutions of higher learning, muslim researchers and technicians should be employed. This will increase the chances of scientific breakthroughs from the muslim world through journals articles and high technological exports and imports. Additionally, there will be a review for all affiliated universities with the OIC. Lastly, the international politics and diplomacy strategies will be reviewed in order to match with the current politics. Developing a regional security that protects the interest of muslim nations is a must in the current times. Events of striking Gaza, Iraq, and Afghanistan has occurred in front of the Muslim eyes and yet nothing concerete has been done. Power matches power and as much as we want freedom, security should come along with. Finally binding all the muslim leaders and kings into one platform of accepting unity through diversity should be established. This would help in getting rid of sectarian divides and divides in ideologies.

Violent Video Games Dont Lead to Increases In Violent Behavior Essay

A young, blonde woman stands with her fists raised. She shifts her weight back and forth, staying in constant motion. Her jaw is set and her blue eyes dangerous. She faces her opponent with no fear. Her fellow combatant is a skilled warrior and a member of a Shirai Ryu clan. He’s spent years mastering his own special style of martial arts. The woman observes him carefully. He’s muscular and, no doubt, fast. She cannot see most of his face, as a gold and black mask obscures it, but she can see his eyes. They’re merciless. She eyes the harpoon at his hip. He’ll probably go for that first and try to stun her with it. The cue is given and, sure enough, he grabbed his harpoon and aimed it at her, snarling, â€Å"Get over here!† She’d anticipated his moves well and she sidestepped his harpoon. He figured out that she knew his obvious attacks, he began to use more quick attacks, moving quickly in the shadows, confusing her. He soon overpowers her. Dazed and dizzy, she is at his mercy. Unfortunately, mercy is a quality he lacks. He wraps his harpoon around her neck and opens a portal. She’s pulled into it and he holds onto his chain tightly. Another portal opens above and her body dangles from it, strung up by his chain. The announcer’s voice lets out in a deep grumbling voice, â€Å"Fatality†. Meanwhile, in a living room, the gruesome scene fades to black and two friends laugh at each other for the graphic execution and go on playing the newest release of the Mortal Kombat series. While today’s games are ridiculously violent, can one honestly believe they can open a portal to hang their enemies? Do video games really warp the mind and cause players to be aggressive? Recent studies say no. It is not the game’s fault for a player to react viol... ...While there are violent games out there, children could, with the help of their parents, play cleaner games such as The Legend of Zelda or any game in the Mario series, and in the end, be benefited from it. Whether their stress is relieved, their brains stronger, or their connections with their families made unbreakable, video games can truly be a good thing for kids. Works Cited Hanna, Patrick. â€Å"Players. Not Games, Cause video game violence.† New Zealand Herald. New Zealand Herald, 27 July 2010. Web. 24 October 2011. Jayson, Sharon. â€Å"Study the Player, Not the Game.† USA Today. USA Today, 15 September 2011. Web. 24 October 2011. Jayson, Sharon. â€Å"Video Games Tied to Aggression.† USA Today. USA Today, 1 March 2010. Web. 24 October 2011. Paulson, Ken. â€Å"How obscene is video game violence?† USA Today. USA Today, 2 November 2010. Web. 24 October 2011.

Digital Classroom

I was really wondering what can I learn English when I came here. Because before I couldn’t go to course about English . I haven’t got an idea. After that we’ve seen two different classroom. Conventional and digital classroom. World is changing everyday. Person finds new technologies idea for everything. And I’m absolutely agree this statement what people learning English are able to make greater progress when using a variety of learning technologies within the classroom. I really like digital classroom. There are lots of advantages. In my opinion IWB is incredible .It looks like game and everybody like to play game. All word use to internet and computer because of this people can be to more interested with lesson. Some times we can want to speak with our friends and we can use to Synchron Eyes. I’m feeling comfortable to digital classroom. Pegasus is helpful for me. I can do some mistakes when I write by handed and after that maybe I can’t s ee my mistakes. But if I use to Pegasus I can see all my mistakes end of the exam or homework and maybe I can forget my homework but if I look for in the Pegasus I can see my homework.I used to conventional classroom for 23 years. Sometimes computers can’t work . there can be some digital problems. What can I do this time. I can use my book. We’re really old friends with my book. If I am in classroom I want to see my book and I want to use my pencil. This is really important for me. I want to write some notes on the book. As a result two different classroom has a good speciality. I feel confused but actually digital class is better than conventional class. Digital Classroom I was really wondering what can I learn English when I came here. Because before I couldn’t go to course about English . I haven’t got an idea. After that we’ve seen two different classroom. Conventional and digital classroom. World is changing everyday. Person finds new technologies idea for everything. And I’m absolutely agree this statement what people learning English are able to make greater progress when using a variety of learning technologies within the classroom. I really like digital classroom. There are lots of advantages. In my opinion IWB is incredible .It looks like game and everybody like to play game. All word use to internet and computer because of this people can be to more interested with lesson. Some times we can want to speak with our friends and we can use to Synchron Eyes. I’m feeling comfortable to digital classroom. Pegasus is helpful for me. I can do some mistakes when I write by handed and after that maybe I can’t s ee my mistakes. But if I use to Pegasus I can see all my mistakes end of the exam or homework and maybe I can forget my homework but if I look for in the Pegasus I can see my homework.I used to conventional classroom for 23 years. Sometimes computers can’t work . there can be some digital problems. What can I do this time. I can use my book. We’re really old friends with my book. If I am in classroom I want to see my book and I want to use my pencil. This is really important for me. I want to write some notes on the book. As a result two different classroom has a good speciality. I feel confused but actually digital class is better than conventional class.

Explain Why the Boycott of Jewish Businesses Took Place in April 1933

Explain why the boycott of Jewish businesses took place in April 1933. [12 marks] In April 1933, only 1 week after the Enabling Act was passed, a boycott against Jewish businesses took place, which targeted mainly Jewish shops and businesses but also Jewish professionals such as doctors and lawyers. There are many reasons as to why this event took place. The most important reason, in my opinion was to introduce explicit anti-Semitic propaganda. When it was decided that the boycott would take place, Gobbels organised an intensive propaganda campaign to maximise the impact of the boycott.The boycott made a big public impact and featured prominently in the news. Gobbels made it clear that the boycott was an act of anti-Semitic violence as he had the Star of David painted largely on the windows of all Jewish businesses and had signs put up saying ‘Don’t buy from Jews’ or ‘Jews are our misfortune’. While some Germans weren’t too bothered about the b oycott, others disapproved. This leads to the next reason the boycott took place. Now that Hitler had the power to do as he pleased, he needed to see how German citizens would react to his extreme anti-Semitic views.The SA stood outside of Jewish shops in order to intimidate people into not going in to the shop. As mentioned earlier, some Germans weren’t too bothered about the boycott. Most of these Germans where owners of small businesses that were afraid that large Jewish chain businesses would eventually put them out of business. This boycott meant that their businesses would be saved. Others, on the other hand, thought the boycott was terrible that it was the work of extremists and that Hitler was sure to put a stop to it soon. Some went purposely went into Jewish shops and Jewish shops only to show their disapproval of Nazi policies.But, whether they were for or against the boycott, it was agreed everywhere that the boycott showed the unleashing of Nazi violence by an ag gressive new dictatorship. The main purpose of the boycott of Jewish businesses was to get German people to start to act and think anti-Semitic. Although the reaction to the boycott was varied, it could be said that they boycott did exactly what it was meant to do; turn normal German citizens against the German Jews. For example, one month after the boycott of Jewish businesses, the Burning of the Books took place. Gobbels announced, â€Å"the Age of Jewish materialism is ended! He then started a fire and, along with gangs of SA men, started to throw in book that were written by Jews. A crowd of some 40,000 people gathered at the scene. This suggests that the boycott ‘eased’ German citizens into the anti-Semitic atrocities that were yet to come. In conclusion, the boycott of Jewish businesses could be both – a success and a failure. It was a failure because the Nazi party only portrayed themselves as a violent dictatorship. But, it was a success because it got G erman citizens thinking and acting anti-Semitic like the Nazis and prepared them for what was to come.